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Neonatal hypocalcemia is an abnormal clinical and laboratory hypocalcemia condition that is frequently observed in infants.() Healthy term infants go through a physiological nadir of serum calcium levels at 7.5 - 8.5 mg/dL by day 2 of life. Hypocalcemia is a low blood calcium level. A total serum calcium of less than 8 mg/dL (2mmol/L) or ionized calcium less than 1.2 mmol/L in term neonates is defined as hypocalcemia. In preterm infants, it is defined as less than 7mg/dL (1.75 mmol/L) total serum calcium or less than 4mg/dL (1 mmol/L) ionized calcium. () Both early onset hypocalcemia (presents within 72h of birth) and late onset hypocalcemia (presents in 3-7 days after birth) require calcium supplementation treatment. Risk factors of early neonatal hypocalcemia * Prematurity * Perinatal asphyxia * Diabetes mellitus in the mother * Maternal hyperparathyroidism * Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) * Iatrogenic Risk factors of late neonatal hypocalcemia * Exogenous phosphate load * Use of gentamicin * Gender and ethnic: late neonatal hypocalcemia occurred more often in male infants and Hispanic infants * Others : * Magnesium deficiency : * Transient hypoparathyroidism of newborn : * Hypoparathyroidism due to other causes == References == * Jain, A., Agarwal, R., Sankar, M. J., Deorari, A., & Paul, V. K. (2010). Hypocalcemia in the newborn. ''Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 77,'' 1123-1128. * Oden, J., Bourgeois, M. (2000). Neonatal endocrinology. ''Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 77,'' 217-213. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Neonatal hypocalcemia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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